Research group leaders
Title of project: MANAGEMENT OF CELL
CYCLE AT GERM CELLS
Principal
investigator: Vladimir Baran
Scientific
co-workers: Stefan Cikos, Juraj Koppel, Pavol Rehak, Sona Czikkova
This
project is focused on activation of G proteins regulated by heptahelical
receptors as well as control role of spindle centrosome during resumption of
meiosis and following stage of oocyte maturation.
Our
experiments on G protein-coupled receptors showed that several types of
adrenergic receptors are expressed in preimplantation embryos and ovulated oocytes. Epinephrine and norepinephrine can then
via these receptors directly affect the embryo development in very early
pregnancy – before embryo implantation into uterus.
Conclusions
of other experiments show
that activity of protein kinase Akt/PKB play role during
resumption of meiosis. Akt/PKB kinase is activated by its phosphorylation when oocyte enter to maturation stage immediately before oocyte
nucleus breakdown (GVBD) and chromatin condensation. The Akt/PKB activity is
involved in CDK1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) refered as component of
CDK1-cyclin B complex. It was documented that others activated enzymes involved
in the pathway (cdc25B, AuroraA) are localized on MTOC sub-compartments
(centrosomes of oocyte) in this time, and thus the oocyte centrosome is
integrator for molecules involved in resumption of meiosis.
International
collaboration: Institute of Animal Fysiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences
of Czech republic Libechov; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of
Sciences of Czech republic, Praha
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Kalous
J, Solc P, Baran V, Kubelka M, Schultz RM, Motlik J. PKB/AKT is involved in
resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes. Biol Cell 2006, 98, 111 – 123
Baran
V, Solc P, Saskova A, Susor A, Motlik J. CDC25B, Aurora A and PKB
phophorylations occurs during resumption of meiosis in mouse oocytes.
Cell
Cycle Symposium,
Baran
V, Solc P, Saskova A, Motlik J. Centrosome is integrator for molecules involved
in resumption of meiosis. 43rd Lojda Symposium on
Histochemistry,
Cikos
S, Rehak P, Czikkova S, Vesela J, Koppel J. Expression of adrenergic receptors
in mouse preimplantation embryos and ovulated oocytes. Reproduction, 2007, 133,
p.1139-1147.
Title of project: ANALYSIS OF APOPTOTIC
PROCESSES IN PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYO
Principal
investigator: Dusan Fabian DVM, PhD
Scientific
co-workers: Alexandra Bukovska, Mgr; Stefan Juhas, DVM; Maria Piknova, RNDr;
Stefan Cikos, RNDr, PhD; assoc. prof. Juraj Koppel, DVM, DrSc.
Project
is focused on the study of physiological functions of apoptosis during
preimplantation development, on the characterization of its purpose, and on the
vindication of some relations between its occurrence and specific developmental
disorders of in vivo and in vitro produced embryos.
Apoptosis
(programmed cell death) is self-directed process based on a genetic mechanism
and characterized by complex cascade of biochemical events. The main function
of apoptosis is to eliminate the minority of cells with abnormal, detrimental
or superfluous potential in both differentiated and non-differentiated tissues,
including the period of embryonic development.
This
project is focused on the study of apoptosis in mouse and rabbit
preimplantation embryos. It is divided into two parts.
First
part is focused on physiological characterization of apoptotic process in
normally developing embryos. The incidence, morphology and biochemical
background of induced apoptosis are assessed in in vivo derived or in vitro
produced blastocysts, and the occurrence, incidence, morphology and biochemical
background of spontaneous and induced apoptosis are assessed in in vitro
produced embryos from 2-cell to morula stage. Apoptosis is induced by several
apoptotic inductors with different mechanism of acting and evaluated by wide
spectrum of detection methods, covering great amount of its manifestations.
Second
part is focused on the determination of the function of apoptosis in embryos
showing growth or developmental aberrations. The incidence, morphology and
biochemical background of spontaneous and induced apoptosis are assessed in
preimplantation embryos cultured in vitro and undergoing developmental block at
2-cell stage.
Apoptosis
is an important marker of embryo quality and it reliably reflects the effect of
different external factors on embryo survival. The knowledge on apoptosis
physiology should help to reveal ant to eliminate the developmental aberrations
of farm animal embryos produced for fertilization and culture in vitro,
cloning, embryotransfer or other biotechnological manipulations.
Collaborating
institution: Slovak Agricultural
Research Centre,
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Fabian
D, Juhas S, Ilkova G, Koppel J. Dose- and time-dependent effects of TNFα
and actinomycin D on cell death incidence and embryo growth in mouse
blastocysts. ZYGOTE, 2007, 15, 241-249.
Fabian
D, Maddox-Hyttel P, Chrenek P. Zakladne charakteristiky spontannej a
indukovanej apoptózy u preimplantacych embryi (Basic characteristics of
spontaneous and induced apoptosis in preimplantation embryos). Acta
fytotechnica et zootechnica 2006, Sp. Iss., 120 – 121.
Gjorret
JO, Fabian D, Avery B, Maddox-Hyttel P. Active caspase-3 and ultrastructural
evidence of apoptosis in spontaneous and induced cell death in bovine in vitro
produced pre-implantation embryos. MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, 2007, 74, 961-971.
Fabian
D, Koppel J, Maddox-Hyttel P. Apoptotic processes during mammalian
preimplantation development. THERIOGENOLOGY 2005, 64, 221-231.
Fabian
D, Gjorret JO, Berthelot F, et al. Ultrastructure and cell death of in vivo
derived and vitrified porcine blastocysts. MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND
DEVELOPMENT 2005, 70, 155-165
Fabian
D, Illkova G, Rehak P, et al. Inhibitory effect of IGF-I on induced apoptosis
in mouse preimplantation embryos cultured in vitro. THERIOGENOLOGY 2004, 61,
745-755
Fabian
D, Rehak P, Czikkova S, et al. Induced cell death of preimplantation mouse
embryos cultured in vitro evaluated by comet assay. THERIOGENOLOGY 2003, 60,
691-706
Fabian
D, Chrenek P, Makarevich AV, Cikos S. Chronological appearance of spontaneous
and induced apoptosis during preimplantation development of in vitro cultured
rabbit and mouse embryos THERIOGENOLOGY 2007, 68, 1271-1281.
Title of
project: The dynamics
of physiological processes in the intestine of animals
Principal investigator:
Stefan Faix
Scientific co-workers:
Vladimir Kmet, Dobroslava Bujnakova
The aim of this project is
to obtain a new knowledge about effect of natural antioxidants on physiology of
digestion and on mucosa and epimural microflora of gastrointestinal tract.
Next, new knowledge will be acquired about interactions of epimural intestinal
microflora, their quantification by PCR as well as classical cultivation
methods.
Intestinal absorption of
nutrients is highly influenced by health status it means function
status of intestinal tract. One of the major factors implicated in the
production of free radicals is oxygen radicals in cells.
In in
vitro experiments with intestinal epithelium we can obtain new knowledge in
effect of some vegetable extracts on activities of antioxidant enzymes and
total antioxidant status, which have relationship to whole health state of
intestine. The single enzymes which have relationship to
oxidative stress will be measure spectrophotometricaly and spectrofluorimetricaly.
At the same time we can determine role of intestine during microbial action on
intestinal mucosa. Animal strains of aggregate lactobacillus and
diarrhoeal Escherichia coli will be used as models for microbiological
experiments. Classical cultivation methods, classical PCR as well as Real time
PCR will be used for testing of numbers of aggreate lactobacillus.
International cooperation: Department of microbiology, biotechnology and
nutrition of animals, Czech University of Agriculture,
The list of recent relevant
papers:
Faix, S.- Faixová, Z. - Boldižárová, K. - Javorský, P. The
effect of long-term high heavy metal intake on lipid peroxidation of
gastrointestinal tissue in sheep. In Vet. Med. – Czech, 2005,50, (9), 401–405
Faix, S. - Faixová, Z. - Michnová, E. - Várady, J. Effect of per os administration of mercuric
chloride on peroxidation processes in Japanese quail. In Acta Vet. Brno, 2003,
72, 23-26
FAIX,
S. - JUHAS, S. - FAIXOVA, Z. The effect of essential oils intake on
changes of plasma antioxidant status in mice. In Acta veterinaria 2007, 76,
357-361.
Holko, I. - Pavlasek, I. - Barton, L. - Kmeť, V. Comparison of Digestive Microflora between Feedlot
Cattle with and without Infection by Cryptosporidium andersoni. In Folia
Microbiologica, 49, 2004, 165-168
Josefsen, M.H.- Cook, N. - D’Agostino, M. - Hansen,
F. - Wagner, M. - Demnerova, K. - Heuvelink, A.E. - Tassios, P.T. - Lindmark,
H. - Kmet, V. - Barbanera, M. - Fach, P.
- Loncarevic, S. – Hoorfar, J. Validation of a PCR-Based Method for Detection of
Food-Borne Thermotolerant Campylobacters in a Multicenter Collaborative
Trial. In Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70,
2004, 4379-4383
Holko, I. - Bisova, T. - Holkova Z. - Kmeť, V. Virulence markers of Escherichia coli
strains isolated from traditional cheeses made from unpasteurised sheep milk in
Slovakia. In Food Control 17, 2006,
393-396
Title of project: INFLUENCING OF
CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID PRODUCTION (CIS9, TRANS 11 C18:2, CLA) BY DIFFERENT
SOURCES OF FATTY ACIDS IN RUMINANTS
Principal
investigator: Jalc D.
Scientific
co-workers: Kisidayova S., Varadyova Z., Baran M.,
The
effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) belonging to n-3 and n-6 fatty
acids of oils of plant, animal and microbial origin on the production of
conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) in rumen fluid and
milk of ruminants are the goals of this project. The screening of different
species of lactobacilli and enterococci isolated from rumen fluid and silages
for their ability to produce CLA from linoleic acid in vitro is performed. The
content of conjugated linoleic acid in rumen protozoal population of animal fed
different PUFA sources is also determined. Finally, the effects of different
mineral additives on protozoan population and rumen fermentation in vitro are
studied.
Following
methods are used:
1.
Rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) for the study of fermentation processes in
vitro. This apparatus enables to determine the basal parameters of rumen
fermentation (digestibility of dry matter and detergent fibre of feed ration,
pH, volatile fatty acid and ammonia nitrogen production), gas production
(methane) and efficiency of microbial proteosynthesis.
2.
The lipid extraction method from biological materials (feed, effluent, rumen
fluid, milk, oils, protist); methylation of fatty acids for determination of
fatty acids methyl esters; analyses of methyl esters fatty acids by gas
chromatography for determination of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their
isomers (CLA, TVA).
3.
Cryopreservation technique of rumen ciliate protozoa in order to simplify their
cultivation and preservation the different protozoan isolates for repeated
biochemical, molecular and cytological studies.
International
cooperation: Research
Title of project: INFLUENCING OF THE PRODUCTION OF
POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS (PUFA) AND THEIR ISOMERS IN RUMEN FLUID AND MILK OF
RUMINANTS WITH DIFFERENT DIETS AND OILSEEDS AS ADDITIVES
Principal
investigator: Jalc D.
Scientific
co-workers: Kisidayova S., Varadyova Z., Baran M.,
The
influence of feed ration containing the oilseeds (linseed, rapeseed, and
amaranth seed) physically treated by different ways on the production of PUFA
and their isomers (CLA, TVA) in fermentation fluid of artificial rumen (Rusitec)
is the goal of this project. The effects of transition period from summer
(pasture) to winter (silage) feeding on cow milk production and PUFA content
and their isomers (CLA, TVA) in cow milk are studied. The effects of three
different diets (pasture, TMR - total mixed ration containing silage and
concentrate; TMR plus linseed as supplement) on cow milk production and PUFA
content and their isomers in milk are investigated.
International
cooperation: The bilateral cooperation (2004-2009) between
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Jalc,
D., Szumacher-Strabel, M., Potkanski, A., Cieslak, A.:
Effect of sunflower, linseed and fish oils on the production of trans fatty
acids in vitro. Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wschr., 118, 2005,
430-435
Jalc,
D., Certik, M.: Effect of microbial oil, monensin and fumarate on rumen
fermentation in artificial rumen. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 50, 2005, 467-472
Jalc,
D., Potkanski, A., Szumacher-Strabel, M., Cieslak, A., Certik, M.: Effect of microbial oil, evening primrose oil and borage
oil on rumen fermentation in vitro. Vet. Med. (Praha), 50, 2005, 480-486
Kisidayova,
S., Varadyova, Z.: Effect of insulin of in vitro fermentation activity of
microorganism community of rumen ciliate Entodinium caudatum culture. Cell
Biology International, 29, 2005, 147-152
Kisidayova,
S., Varadyova, Z., Michalowski, T., Newbold, J.: Regeneration of cryoresistance
of in vitro rumen ciliate cultures. Cryobiology, 51, 2005, 76-84
Varadyova,
Z., Baran, M., Zelenak,
Varadyova,
Z., Kisidayova, S., Mihalikova, K., Baran, M.:
Influence of natural magnesium sources on the in vitro fermentation and
protozoan population in the rumen fluid collected from sheep. Small Ruminant
Res., 61, 2006, 63-71
Jalc,
D., Cieslak, A., Szumacher-Strabel, M., Potkanski, A., Kowalczyk, J.: The effect of different oils and diets on total gas
production in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15, suppl.1,
2006, 145-148
Jalc,
D., Cieslak, A., Szumacher-Strabel, M., Potkanski, A., Kowalczyk, J.: The effect of different oils and diets on methane
release in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15, suppl.1,
2006, 149-152
Kisidayova,
S., Mihalikova, K., Varadyova, Z., Potkanski, A., Szumacher-Strabel, M.,
Cieslak, A., Certik, M., Jalc, D.: The effect of microbial oil, evening
primrose oil and borage oil on rumen ciliate populations in an artificial rumen
(Rusitec). J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15, suppl.1, 2006, 153-156
ECOGENETICS OF INTESTINAL
MICROBIOTA
Project leaders: Assoc.
Prof. RNDr.
Peter Javorsky, DrSc, Assoc. Prof. RNDr. Peter Pristas,
PhD
Scientific co-workers: RNDr. Maria Piknova,
PhD, RNDr. Katarina Nigutova, RNDr. Timea Tóthova, Mgr. Róbert Seliga, Mgr.
Lucia Sikorova.
The
group is interested in genetics and genomics of selected gastrointestinal
microorganisms with special focus on horizontal gene transfer and mobile gene
elements in correlation to the antibiotic resistance spreading and genetically
modified organisms’ safety. Our interest is also devoted to the environmental
pollutants biodegradation, detoxification mechanisms and the possible role of
horizontal gene transfer in these processes.
Title of project: ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH
DNA TRANSFER FROM GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS TO MICROORGANISMS
The
aim of proposed project is the DNA transfer risks study from model organism
(Zea mays) to other microorganisms during complete process from the field
cultivation until final consumption.. While the
frequency of transfer is well understood in human gastrointestinal tract, there
are several micro environments where the transfer of DNA from genetically
modified plants to other microorganisms could take place. The aim of the
project is to understand the frequency of possible DNA transfer within several
microbial environments as a plant-soil microbial ecosystem, plant-
phytopatogenic bacteria system, plant-silage microorganisms and plant-rumen
bacteria systems involved in final utilization of plant biomass. The results
would clarify the role of natural gene transfer in environment by microorganisms.
Title of project: BIOTRANSFORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTAMINANTS IN NATURAL MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
The
scientific goals of the project involved the study of the heavy metals effect
on the antioxidative and detoxicative enzymes within the soil and rumen
bacteria, resp. protozoa and the study their mutual symbiotic relations in
eliminantion of environmental stress. The scientific goals of the project
involved also the study of heavy metals detoxification mechanisms in natural
microbial ecosystems and roles of genes transfer by these processes.
Title of project: HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER AND
RESTRICTION MODIFICATION SYSTEMS
The
main aim of project is study of antibiotic resistance gene transfer among
digestive tract bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis
species. We will analyze and characterize mobile gene elements participating in
gene transfer, conditions facilitating transfer and modulating the frequency of
such transfer e.g. restriction modification systems. Better understanding of
natural gene transfer could eliminate risks provided by antibiotic resistance
transfer on human health.
Title of project: MICROBIAL GENETIC ECOLOGY OF
DIGESTIVE TRACT
The
aim of project is a better understanding of gene transfer mechanisms in
digestive tract microbial ecosystem and study of factors affecting the transfer
events between bacteria and evolutionary distant microorganisms. The transfer
of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes will be studied. Better
understanding of natural gene transfer could eliminate risks posed by gene
transfer on human health. The part of project will be devoted to digestive
tract microbial community composition analysis by cultivation independent
method and to analysis o the heavy metal effect on activity of anti-oxidant and
detoxification enzymes in selected micro-organisms.
Title of project: CIMES – CILIATES AS MONITOR OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF GMO
The
aim of project was to exploit unique genome organisation of ciliated protozoa
for analysis of potential risk for lateral gene transfer from genetically
modified crops and organisms in agriculture.
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Holovska,
K., Lenartova, V., Holovska, K., Pristas, P.,
Javorsky, P.: Are ruminal bacteria
protected against environmental stress by plant antioxidants? Lett Appl Microbiol. 35 (4):301-304 2002.
Malik,
R., Pristas, P., Javorsky, P.: Occurrence of plasmid-mediated ampicillin
resistance among enterobacteria from the ovine rumen. Folia
Microbiologica. 49 (2): 187-190. 2004
Regensbogenova,
M., Kisidayova, S., Michalowski, T., Javorsky, P., MoonVanDer Staay, S. Y.,
VanDer Staay, G. W. M., Hackstein, J. H. P., McEwan, N. R., Jouany, J.P.,
Newbold, J. C., Pristas, P.: Rapid identification of rumen protozoa by
restriction analysis of amplified 18S rRNA gene. Acta
Protozoologica. 43 (3): 219-224 (2004)
Regensbogenova,
M., McEwan, N.R., Javorsky, P., Kisidayova, S., Michalowski, T., Newbold, C.
J., Hackstein, J. H. P., Pristas, P.: A re-appraisal of the diversity of the
methanogens associated with the rumen ciliates. FEMS
Microbiology Letters. 238 (2):
307-313 (2004)
Regensbogenova,
M., Pristas, P., Javorsky, P., Moon VanDer Staay, S. Y., VanDer Staay, G. W.,
Hackstein, J. H., Newbold, C. J., McEwan, N. R.: Assessment of ciliates in the
sheep rumen by DGGE. Letters in Applied Microbiology.
39 (2): 144-147 (2004)
Sprincova,
A., Javorsky, P., Pristas, P.: pSRD191, a new member of RepL replicating
plasmid family from Selenomonas ruminantium. Plasmid.
54 (1): 39-47 (2005)
Malík,
R., Ivan, J., Javorský, P., Pristas, P. :
Seasonal dynamics of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the
gastrointestinal tract of domestic sheep.
Folia Microbiologica 50 (4) : 349-352 (2005)
Tóthova,
T., Pristas, P., Javorsky, P. : Mercuric reductase
gene transfer from soil to rumen bacteria. Folia
Microbiologica. 51 (4): 317-319 (2006)
Title of project:
Principal
investigator: Dobroslava Bujnakova, RNDr. PhD
Scientific
workers: Klaudia Boldizarova, RNDr. PhD., Milos Domaracky, MVDr., Dusan Fabian,
MVDr. PhD., Stefan Faix, MVDr., CSc., Katarina Horosova, MVDr., Gabriela
Ilkova, MVDr. PhD., Jozef Ivan , RNDr., Stefan Juhas, MVDr., Katarina Kecerova,
RNDr., Vladimir Kmet, Prof. MVDr. DrSc., Juraj Koppel, MVDr. DrSc., Richard
Malik, RNDr. PhD., Stefan Mozes, MVDr., CSc., Milan Novotny, RNDr., Peter
Pristas, Doc. RNDr. DrSc., Adriana Sprincova, RNDr. PhD., Viliam Stovcik,
RNDr., Zorka Varadyova, MVDr. PhD.
The
project was oriented on obtaining a new knowledge about effect of plant
extract and oligosaccharides on physiology digestion, using molecular-biology
methods (PCR, FISH, SSCP). The main aim of project was
developed in vitro and in vivo laboratory models for verification of prebiotic
(plant extract and oligosaccharides) and probiotic (lactobacilli and
bifidobacteria) efficiency and also their effect on microflora (commensal and
pathogenic). The host-microbial interactions between lactobacilli and verotoxic
E. coli and intestinal epithelium were studied. The enzymatic activity (alkalic
phosphatase, maltase, aminopeptid M a beta glucuronidase), antioxidant enzymes
(glutation peroxidase, superoxid dizmutase, glutation reduktase,
glucoso-6-phosphat dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidase), apoptosis process and
effect of plant extract on intestinal surfaces (model of using chamber, CaCo-2
cell lines) were monitored in small intestine and colon. Further, the bacterial
antibiotic resistance was monitored using a molecular-biology method such as
PCR and SSCP.
Economic
and social benefit:
-is
an improvement of diagnostic at veterinary diagnostic institute, by introducing
of modern molecular-biologic methods, which are not currently using so far
-the
main benefit is formation a materially-technical basis, which demonstrate
criticise of availability, but also risk connecting with using a new biologic
active substances
-the
State Veterinary and Food Institute in
-the
results of research may probably be a commercially used, concretely by sale of
know-how about plant extract effect or sale of DNA standards for PCR
diagnostic, which are not currently available in a market
-
results contribute to reduction of the environmental load, regarding the fact
that the main goal of the task is supplementation of synthetic regulators of
growth by plant essential oils with aim to decrease the risks of the transfer
of antibiotic resistance and to improve the growth and health parameters of
animals.
Forms
of international co-operation within the task solving:
MVTS
c. 07 Slovak-Italian co-operation „Molecular diagnostics of microbial
interactions in healthy intestine”
MVTS
c. 141 Slovak-Czech co-operation „The role of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli
in the digestive tract of poultry“
The
international projects study the effect of different antimicrobial substances
on the microbial interaction in the intestine.
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Bujnakova,
D., Melicharek,
VARADYOVA
Z., BARAN M.,
Horosova,
K., Bujnakova, D., Kmet, V.: The Action of Oregano on Chicken lactobacilli and
E. coli. Folia Microbiologica Vol. 51, no.4 (2006) p. 278–280
Horosova,
K., Bujnakova, D., Kmet, V.: The Effect of Lactobacilli on E. coli Adhesion to
Caco-cells in vitro. Folia Microbiologica Vol. 51, no.4 (2006), p. 281–282
Domaracky,
M., Rehak, P., Juhas, S.: Effects of selected plant essential oils on the
growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo. Physiological
Research 2007,
vol. 56, no. 1, p. 97-104.
FABIAN,
D. - SABOL, M. - DOMARACKA, K. - BUJNAKOVA, D. Essential oils-their
antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and effect on intestinal cell
viability. In Toxicology in vitro. Vol. 20, no. 8
(2006), p. 1435-45
FAIX,
S. - JUHAS, S. -
FAIXOVA, Z. The effect of essential oils intake
on changes of plasma antioxidant status in mice. In
Acta veterinaria 2007, 76, 357-361.
JUHAS,
S - CIKOS, S. -
CZIKKOVA; S. - VESELA, J. - ILKOVA, G. - HAJEK, T. - DOMARACKA, K. - DOMARACKY,
M. -. BUJNAKOVA, D. - REHAK, P.- KOPPEL, J. Effects of
borneol and thymoquinone on TNBS induced colitis in mice. In
Folia biologica (
Professional
works published in non-reviewed professional journals and proceedings:
Horosova,
K., Domaracky, M., Kmet, V.: The effect of oregano essential oil on bacterial
interaction. Bilateral Scientific Meeting. Protection of Genotoxic Effects of Carcinogens by Micronutrients.
s.30,
Horosova,
K., Bujnakova, D., Kmet, V.: Antimicrobial effects of plant essential oils on
pathogenic E. coli. International
scientific conference: Days of nutrition and veterinary dietetics. September 2004,
Horosova,
K., Kmet, V., Bujnakova, D.: Adhesion of commensal and pathogenic bacteria
on Caco-2 cellular line. XXI. Days of animal physiology. p.26,
23.-24. September,
Horosova,
K., Bujnakova, D., Kmet, V.: The effect of oregano on chicken lactobacilli and
E. coli. International
Symposium on Anaerobic Microbiology.
JUHAS, S., BUJNAKOVA, D., KMET, V., KOPPEL, J.: Antiinflammatory and
immunomodulating effects of some plant extracts on animals. Proceedings of the
works presented at the 81st Physiological Days.p. 72, 2-4 February 2005,
BOBCEK, R., KACANIOVA, M., KMET, V.: The effect
of mannane oligosaccharides and glucomanans on the biochemical
and microbiological parameters in turkey caecum. XXI. Days of animal
physiology, p. 22, 23.-24. September 2004
Professional
book publications:
Angelovicova,
M., Nikolajcuk, V.,
Kacaniova,
M., Bobcek, R., Kmet, V., Angelovicova, M.: Feed additives as a supplementation
of antibiotics and other application. ISBN 80-8069-589-X, 2005
Tancinova,
D., Makova, J., Felsöciova, S., Kacaniova, M., Kmet, V.: Microbiology of food. Published by Slovak Agricultural University in
Title of project: PLANT EXTRACTS -
ANTIINFLAMMATORY, IMMUNOMODULATORY, CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIMUTAGENIC EFFECTS IN
ANIMALS
Project
leader: Assoc. Prof. MVDr. Juraj Koppel, DrSc
Scientific
co-workers: Mgr. Alexandra Bukovska; Ing. Sona Czikkova, RNDr. Stefan Cikos,
PhD., Assoc. Prof. MVDr. Stefan Faix,
CSc., MVDr. Stefan Juhas, PhD.; Prof. MVDr. Vladimir Kmet, DrSc., MVDr. Stefan Mozes, CSc., RNDr. Lubomir Racek,
PhD., MVDr. Pavol Rehak, CSc., MVDr. Zuzana Sefcikova, CSc.
We
have shown that plant essential oils could influence some physiological and
pathophysiological parameters (in studied experimental models) whereas their
biological effects are in a relatively narrow range which is clearly dose
dependent. This conclusion is supported by our observation of inconsistent
effects of chamomile or rosemary essential oils in TNBS colitis model. Higher concentrations have a protective
influence on intestinal mucose probably due to their antibacterial effects
(lower bacterial translocation) while lower concentrations positively influence immune status of
macroorganism (indicated by a lower activity of MPO enzyme and a diminished
concentration of inflammatory cytokine IL-6). The majority of plant essential
oils have strong antimicrobial effects and therefore they are potentially
interesting as feed additives for farm animals mainly due to the total ban on
antibiotics as growth promoters. We have detected protective effects of thyme,
cinnamon, chamomile and rosemary essential oils on intestine wall after colitis
induction. Our in vivo experiments
with various plant essential oils indicate that chamomile and rosemary oils
have the most evident anti-inflammatory effects. Our results confirm that
essential oils (as well as whole plants and their extracts) are able to
effectively modulate functions of immune system of macroorganism. Furthermore
our results from in vitro and ex vivo studies of cytotoxic, DNA
damaging and protective effects of analyzed plant compounds against oxidative
damage (induced by H2O2) of DNA of mammalian cells reveal that carvacrol,
thymol and borneol are most likely active antimutagenic agents. Our thorough
analysis of essential oils effects as additives for chicken feed on their
antioxidative status as well as on the development of immunocompetence resulted
in new knowledge which could be used in the future in the prevention of the
oxidative stress and its consequences. Our results confirm that plant extracts
are important source of biologically active compounds with potential use in the
prevention and treatment of various diseases.
Collaborating
institution: Cancer research institute SAS,
The
list of recent relevant papers:
FABIAN,
D. - SABOL, M. - DOMARACKA, K. - BUJNAKOVA, D. Essential oils-their
antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and effect on intestinal cell
viability. In Toxicology in vitro. Vol. 20, no. 8
(2006), p. 1435-45
HORVATHOVA,
E. - SRAMKOVA, M. - LABAJ, J.- SLAMENOVA, D. Study of cytotoxic, genotoxic and
DNA-protective effects of selected plant essential oils on human cells cultured
in vitro. In Neuro Endocrinol Lett. Suppl. 2 (2006),
p.44-47.
BUKOVSKA, Alexandra - CIKOS, Stefan - JUHAS, Stefan - ILKOVA, Gabriela -
REHAK, Pavol - KOPPEL, Juraj. Effects of a Combination of Thyme and Oregano
Essential Oils on TNBS-Induced Colitis in Mice. In Mediators of Inflammation,
2007, vol., article ID 23296, p. 9.
CIKOS, Stefan - BUKOVSKA, Alexandra - KOPPEL, Juraj. Relative
quantification of mRNA: comparison of methods currently used for real-time PCR
data analysis. In BMC Molecular Biology, 2007, 8:113.
DOMARACKY, Milos - REHAK, Pavol - JUHAS, Stefan - KOPPEL, Juraj. Effects of
selected plant essential oils on the growth and development of mouse
preimplantation embryos in vivo. In Physiological Research, 2007, vol. 56, no.
1, p. 97-104.
FAIX, Stefan - JUHAS, Stefan - FAIXOVA, Zita. The effect of essential oils
intake on changes of plasma antioxidant status in mice. In Acta Veterinaria
Brno, 2007, vol. 76, p. 357-361.
HORVATHOVA, E. – TURCANIOVA, V.– SLAMENOVA, D. Comparative study of
DNA-damaging and DNA-protective effects of selected components of essential
plant oils in human leukemic cells K562. In Neoplasma, 2007, vol. 54, no. 6, p.
478-483.
SLAMENOVA, D. – HORVATHOVA, E. - SRAMKOVA, M. – MARSALKOVA, L.
DNA-protective effects of two components of essential plant oils carvacrol and
thymol on mammalian cells cultured in vitro. In Neoplasma, 2007, vol. 54, no.
2, p. 108-112.
JUHAS, S - CIKOS, S. - CZIKKOVA; S.
- VESELA, J. - ILKOVA, G. - HAJEK, T. - DOMARACKA, K. - DOMARACKY, M. -.
BUJNAKOVA, D. - REHAK, P.- KOPPEL, J. Effects of borneol and thymoquinone on
TNBS induced colitis in mice. In Folia Biologica (Praha), 2008, vol. 54, no. 1,
p. 1-7.
SLAMENOVA, D.-HORVATHOVA, E.- SRAMKOVA, M.- LABAJ, J. Toxic, genotoxic and
DNA-protective effects of selected plant volatiles on human cells cultured in
vitro. In: The activity of natural compounds in diseases prevention and
therapy, Edited by Z. Ďuračková and S. Knasmüller, ISBN 978-80-8095-019-4, Mind & Health
civil association, Slovak Academic Press Ltd, 2007, pp 149-170.
Title of project: BACTERIOCIN-PRODUCING
AND PROBIOTIC MICROORGANISMS IN THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF ANIMALS AND THEIR HEALTH
EFFECTS
Principal
investigator: MVDr. Andrea Laukova
PhD
Scientific
co-workers: MVDr. Viola Strompfova PhD, MVDr. Monika Simonova PhD, MVDr. Renata
Szabóova, MVDr. Michaela Haviarova, MVDr. Igor Styriak PhD
Following
thesis solving in the previous projects, the microflora of rabbits is searched
with the impact to lactic acid bacteria to select bacteriocinogennnic and
probiotic bacteria. Why rabbits? They represent suitable biomedical animal
model and from the nutrition point of view concerning not only animals but also
human, the rabbit meat is light and health meat. Moreover, there are a lot
of problems in rabbit breedings after weaning and during their milk nutritive
period to change to normal. Our impact is directed to the genera Enterococcus,
Staphylococcus respectively, because they are present in the digestive tract of
rabbits in sufficient amounts. Bacteria were isolated from 622 rabbits from
different breeders and breedings in
In
the framework of the project Lactobacillus
fermentum AD1 strain-in canine origin was isolated and characterized which
is successfully applied in both, health and ill dogs as well as silage Ent. faecium
EF9296 strain. Moreover, previously studied bacteriocinogennic strain Ent. faecium
CCM4231 was detected as able to synthetize CLA from linoleic acid.
The
strains are processing to be as beneficial models covered by Slovak Industrial
office for industrial owning/privacy.
Title of project: COMPLEX SEARCH OF SALMONELOSIS
PREVENTION IN POULTRY BY IMUNOMUDALORS
Principal
investigator: MVDr. Andrea Laukova PhD
Scientific
co-workers: MVDr. Viola Strompfova PhD, MVDr. Monika Simonova PhD, MVDr. Renata
Szabóova, MVDr. Michaela Haviarova
Project
is directed to detail study of imune answer mechanism in poultry infected by
salmonellae. Information achieved gives us possibility to select and to test
imunomudulators suitable to solve salmonelosis prevention associated with
poultry such as alternative way to use antibiotics. IAP SAS participates
in this project searching „Single application of selected probiotic strains,
application of probiotics in their combination as well as study of combined
effect of both, probiotics with prebiotics. All strains which will be tested
were isolated and characterized in IAP SAS. In first year Enterococcus faecium EF55, isolate from Japanese quail was tested
in chicken experimentally infected by Salmonella
enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4. Results are in summarization.
Title of project: ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF SAFETY
OF TRADITIONAL DRY SAUSAGES FROM PRODUCERS TO CONSUMERS
Principal
investigator: MVDr. Andrea Laukova, PhD
Scientific
co-workers: MVDr. Viola Strompfova PhD, MVDr. Monika Simonova PhD
Decarboxylase-
negative, bacteriocinogenic strain S.
xylosus SO3/1M/1/2 with sufficient adhesive ability to human mucus was
selected from traditional fermented Slovak product to be used as protective
additive. It was applied into the product during real manufacturing. After 4
weeks of ripening this strain was counted in log 4.5 cfu/g, water activity of
the product was not influenced and it reduced the occurrence of technologically
undesirable flora such as Pseudomonas sp.,
enterobacteriae and yeasts- p<0.001, p<0.01.
The
list of recent relevant papers to the 3 projects involved:
LAUKOVA,
A.-MAREKOVA, M.-STYRIAK, I.: Inhibitory effect of different enterocins against
fecal bacterial isolates. In: Berliner Muenchener Tierarztlicher
Wochensschrift, 116, 2003: 37-40.
MAREKOVA,
M.-LAUKOVA, A.-DE VUYST, L.-SKAUGEN,
M.-NES, I.F.: Partial characterization of bacteriocins produced by
environmental strain Enterococcus faecium
EK13. In: Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94, 2003: 523-530.
LAUKOVA, A.-TUREK, P.-MAREKOVA, M.-NAGY, P.: Use of ent M, new variant of ent P to control Listeria innocua in experimentally contaminated Gombasek sausage.
In: Archiv fuer Lebensmittelhygiene, 54, 2003:
46-48.
LAUKOVA,
A.-GUBA, P.-NEMCOVA, R.-VASILKOVA, Z.: Reduction of Salmonella in gnotobiotic Japanese
quails caused by the enterocin
A-producing EK13 strain of Enterococcus
faecium. In: Veterinary Research Communications, 27, 2003: 275-280.
STROMPFOVA, V., MUDRONOVA, D.-LAUKOVA, A.: Effect of bacteriocin-like substance produced by Enterococcus faecium EF55 on the
composition of avian gastrointestinal microflora. In: Acta vet.
VESTERLUND, S.-PALTTA, J.-LAUKOVA, A.-KARP,
M.-OUWEHAND, A.C.: Rapid screening method for the detection of antimicrobial
substances. In: Journal of Microbiological Methods, 57, 2004, 23-31.
STYRIAK, I.-LAUKOVA, A.-STROMPFOVA, V., LJUNGH,
A.: A mode of the binding of fibrinogen, fibronectin and iron-binding proteins
by animal enterococci. In: Veterinary Research Communication, 28, 2004, 587-598.
STROMPFOVA, V.-LAUKOVA, A.-OUWEHAND, A.C.:
Lactobacilli and enterococci-potential probiotics for dogs. In: Folia
Microbiologica, 49, 2004, 203-207.
STROMPFOVA, V.-LAUKOVA, A.-OUWEHAND, A.C..: Selection
of enterococci for potential canine probiotic additives. In: Veterinary
Microbiology, 100, 2004, 107-114.
LAUKOVA, A.-STROMPFOVA,
V.-OUWEHAND, A.C.: Adhesion properties of enterococci to intestinal mucus of
different hosts. In: Veterinary Research
Communication 28, 2004, 647-655.
LAUKOVA, A,-GUBA, P.- NEMCOVA, R.- MAREKOVA, M.: Inhibition of Salmonella enterica serovar Duesseldorf
by enterocin A in gnotobiotic Japanese quails. In: Veterinary Medicine-Czech
49, 2, 2004, 47-51.
MARCINAKOVA, M.- SIMONOVA, M.- LAUKOVA, A.: Probiotic properties of Enterococcus
faecium EF9296 strain isolated from silage. In Acta Vet.
MARCINAKOVA, M. - STROMPFOVA, V. – BOLDIZAROVA, K.-
LAUKOVA, A. – GANCARCIKOVA, S. Effect of potential probiotic activity of Enterococcus faecium EE3 strain against
Salmonella infection in Japanese quails. In: Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy, 48, 2004, 387-390.
SIMONOVA, M.-LAUKOVA, A. Isolation of faecal Enterococcus faecium strains from
rabbits and their sensitivity to antibiotics and ability to bacteriocin
production. In:
Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy, 48, 2004,
383-386.
MARCINAKOVA,
M. – STROMPFOVA, V.-
BOLDIZAROVA, K.-SIMONOVA, M.-LAUKOVA, A.-NAD, P. Effect of potential probiotic Enterococcus faecium strains on selected
microflora in turkeys. In Czech Journal of Animal Science, Vol. 50, no. 8 2005, p. 341-346.
SIMONOVA, M.-LAUKOVA, A.-STYRIAK,I. Enterococci from rabbits-potential feed additive. In
Czech J. of Animal Science 50, 9, 2005,
s. 416-421
HERICH, R.-LAUKOVA, A.-STROMPFOVA, V.-REVAJOVA, V.-LEVKUT,
M.-PISTL, J. Polymerase chain reaction detection of ceacal bacteria in case of
preventive application of Enterococcus
faecium EK13 against Salmonella enterica
subsp. Enteritidis in chickens. In Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences Vol.14,
no.1 2005, p. 161-170
STETINA, V.-LAUKOVA, A.-STROMPFOVA, V.-SVEC,
P.-SEDLACEK, I. Identification of Staphylococcus
piscifermentans from dog feces.
In Folia Microbiol. 50, 6, 2005, p. 524-528.
STROMPFOVA, V.-MARCINAKOVA, M.-SIMONOVA,M.-BOGOVIC-MATIJASIC,
B.-LAUKOVA, A. Application of potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum AD1 strain in healthy dogs. In Anaerobe, 12, 2006,
p. 75-79.
SIMONOVA, M. – STROMPFOVA,
V.-MARCINAKOVA, M.-LAUKOVA, A.-VESTERLUND, S.-MORATALLA, M.L.-BOVER-CID,
S.-VIDAL-CAROU, C. Characterization of Staphylococcus
xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus
isolated from Slovak meat products. In Meat Science , Vol. 73, no. 4, 2006, p.
559-564.
MARCINAKOVA, M.-SIMONOVA, M.-STROMPFOVA,
V.-LAUKOVA, A. Oral application of Enterococcus faecium strain EE3 in
healthy dogs. In Folia Microbiologica, Vol. 51, no. 3, 2006, p. 239-242.
STROMPFOVA, V.-MARCINAKOVA, M.-SIMONOVA, M.-GANCARCIKOVA,
S.-JONECOVA, Z.-SCIRANKOVA, L.-KOSCOVA, J.-BULECA, V.-COBANOVA, K.-LAUKOVA, A. Enterococcus faecium EK13 –an enterocin A-producing
strain with probiotic character and its effect in piglets. In Anaerobe,
Vol. 12,
2006, p. 242-248.
LAUKOVA, A.-STROMPFOVA, V.-SKŘIVANOVA, V.-VOLEK, Z.-JINDŘICHOVA, E.-MAROUNEK, M.
Bacteriocin-producing strain of Enterococcus
faecium EK13 with probiotic character and its application in the digestive
tract of rabbits. In Biológia (Bratislava), Vol. 61, no.6, 2006, p. 779-782.
Title of project:
SELENIUM, ITS METABOLISM
AND FUNCTION IN ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION OF FARM ANIMAL
Principal
investigator: Lubomir Leng
Scientific
co-workers: Stefan Faix, Klaudia Cobanova-Boldizarova, Iveta Placha, Lubomira
Gresakova, Vladimir Petrovic, Radka Borutova
The
principal aim of scientific project is to gain a new basic knowledge on the
function of selenium in antioxidant protection of farm animals and metabolism
of this essential trace element. The research will be orientated on the
distribution and activities of selenoenzymes in tissues of animals fed various
amounts or forms of selenium as well as in youngsters exposed to factors
inducing oxidative stress. Absorption and metabolism of selenium from various
sources, its utilization to synthesis of selenoenzymes, formation of body Se
deposits and its excretion routes will be investigated too. In addition to
experiments on animals, the effects of Se on intestinal epithelium will be
examined also in vitro. The results of project should contribute to our basic
knowledge of selenum role in supporting of antioxidant protection and
immunity.of farm animal.
Following
methods are used:
Balance
measurements of Se in sheep and poultry, selenium analysis in various samples
of biological origin, imunocytochemistry, histological examinations,
flow-cytometry, analysis of activities of selenoenzymes and other relevant
antioxidant enzymes in blood and tissues, in vitro experiments with parabiotic
chambers, assesment of tissue lipid peroxidation by analysis of malondialdehyde
formation.
International
collaboration: Kielanowski Institut of Animal Physiology,
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Leng,
L., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S., Kovac, G.: The urinary excretion of selenium in
sheep treated with a vasopressin analogue. Vet. Res., 31, 2000, 499-505.
Holovska,
K. Jr., Holovska, K., Boldizarova, K., Cekonova, S., Lenartova, V., Levkut, M.,
Javorsky, P. Leng, L.: Antioxidant enzyme activities in liver tissue of
chickens fed diets supplemented with various forms and amounts of selenium. J.
Anim. Feed Sci., 12, 2003, 143-152.
Kuricova,
S., Boldizarova, K., Gresakova, L., Levkut, M., Bobcek, R., Leng, L.: Chicken selenium
status when fed a diet supplemented with Se-Yeast. Acta Vet.
Boldizarova,
K., Gresakova, L., Faix, S., Levkut, M., Leng, L.: Urinary selenium excretion in
selenite-loaded sheep and subsequent Se dynamics in blood constituents. Reprod.
Nutr. Development, 43, 2003, 385-393.
Boldizarova,
K., Gresakova, L., Faix, S., Mellen, M., Leng, L.: Antioxidant status of lambs
fed on diets supplemented with selenite or Se-yeast. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 14,
2005, 245-253.
Petrovic,
V., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S., Kowalczyk, J., Czauderna, M., Mellen, M., Leng,
L.: Excretion routes and distribution of selenium in sheep tissues after
selenite loading. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 14, 2005, Suppl. 1, 303-306.
Czauderna,
M., Kowalczyk., J, Bulska, E., Boldizarova, K.,
Niedźwiedzka, K. M., Ruszczyńska, A., Leng, L.: Effect of dietary CLA isomers
on level of selenium, zinc, copper, chromium, magnesium and calcium in liver of
rat. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 14, 2005, Suppl. 1, 529-532.
Mihalikova,
K., Gresakova, L., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S., Leng, L., Kisidayova, S.: The effects of selenium supplementation on the rumen
ciliate population in sheep. Folia Microbiol., 2005,
353-356.
Petrovic,
V., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S, Mellen, M., Arpasova, H., Leng, L.: Antioxidant and selenium status of laying hens fed with
diets supplemented with selenite or Se-yeast. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15, 2006,
435-445.
Korniluk,
K., Czauderna, M., Kowalczyk, J., Mieczkowska, A., Taciak, M., Leng, L.:
Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers and selenium on growth,
feed efficiency and liver fatty acid profile in rats. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15,
2006, 131-146.
Title of project: EFFECTS OF SUBTOXIC CONCENTRATIONS OF
MYCOTOXINS IN FEED COMPONENTS PRODUCED IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC ON IMMUNITY AND
ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF POULTRY
Principal
investigator: Lubomir Leng
Scientific
co-workers: Stefan Faix, Klaudia Cobanova-Boldizarova, Lubomira Gresakova,
Vladimir Petrovic, Radka Borutova, Iveta Placha, Igor Styriak
The
objectives of presented project are to determine the degree of immunosuppresion
and oxidative stress in poultry due to intake of feed contaminated with
subtoxic and/or marginal contents of Fusarium-mycotoxins. Subtoxic or marginal
mycotoxin dosages can affect both immunity and antioxidant status of chickens
and such a way they might subsequently contribute to increased incidence of
number of poultry diseases. The immunity responses of young chickens to
marginal intake of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol will be evaluetad by flow
cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis of lymphatic tissues. The parameters
of oxidative stress induced by mycotoxins will be investigated in birds
supplied with increased amounts of natural antioxidants too. The efficiency of
different types of mycotoxin adsorbents are to be tested. The effects of
various mycotoxin mixtures on oxidative stress of chicken intestine epithelium
will be investigated in vitro too. The results obtained should provide new
basic knowledge on effects of fusaria mycotoxins on poultry antioxidant and
immunity status.
Following
methods are used:
flow cytometry and
immunohistochemical methods to investigate the development of immunocompetence
in growing chickens with subtoxic/marginal intake of mycotoxins
analysis
of numerous parameters of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, activities of
antioxidative enzymes including selenoenzymes in tissues, selenium, total
antioxidative status and further) in chickens kept at conditions noticed above
as well as during reinforcing of bird antioxidative protection with higher
intake of natural antioxidants
sensitive metabolic and histological
tests of liver and gut epithelium damages by subtoxical/marginal doses of
mycotoxins
in vitro investigation (with parabiotic chamber)
of the effects of various amounts and combinations of mycotoxins on oxidative
stress of intestinal epithelium
International
collaboration: Prof. Isabelle P. Oswald, INRA, Laboratoire de
Pharmacologie-Toxicologie,
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Bořutova,
R., Petrovic, V., Faix, S., Placha, I., Gresakova, L., Levkut, M., Leng, L.
Antioxidant and immunity status of broilers fed diets contaminated with low
concentrations of deoxynivalenol. Proceedings of XXII.
Days of Animal Physiology, Třest, Czech Repubic,
Placha,
I., Bořutova, R., Faix, S., Gresakova, L., Petrovic, V., Styriak, I., Leng, L.
Effects of subtoxic levels of DON on immunity parameters and activities of
plasmatic γ-glutamyl transferase in broilers. Proceedings
of XXII. Days of Animal Physiology, Třest, Czech Repubic,
Faixova, Z., Faix, S., Leng, L. Strategies to counteract the toxicity of
mycotoxins. Proceedings
of XXII. Days of Animal Physiology, Třest, Czech Repubic,
Conkova, E., Styriak,
Petrovic,
V., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S, Mellen, M., Arpasova, H., Leng, L.: Antioxidant and selenium status of laying hens fed with
diets supplemented with selenite or Se-yeast. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 15, 2006,
435-445.
Petrovic,
V., Boldizarova, K., Faix, S., Mellen, M., Arpasova, H., Leng, L.. Antioxidant status of poultry after
supplementation of feedstuff with various forms and dosis of selenium. Proceedings of Symposia 1st Internationa Scientific Days on Poultr,
Title of project: FOOD INTAKE CONTROL
AND ENZYME ACTIVITY OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT IN ANIMALS
Principal
investigator: MVDr. S. Mozes PhD
Scientific
co-workers: MVDr.
Zuzana Sefcikova PhD, MVDr.Lubomir Racek PhD , Doc.
MVDr. Ludovit Lenhardt PhD
Title of project: DIETARY AND GENETIC INFLUENCES ON
SUSCEPTIBILITY OR RESISTANCE TO WEIGHT GAIN ON HIGH FAT DIET
Project
partner: MVDr. S. Mozes, PhD, MVDr. assoc. prof. Juraj Koppel, DrSc, MVDr. Zuzana Sefcikova PhD, MVDr.Lubomir Racek PhD
Within
the project designed to investigate the functional maturation the small
intestine of rats in relation to the changes in early nutrition it was found
that both postnatal overnutrition and undernutrition may represent a
predisposing factor long-lasting affecting the intestinal functionality. In
agreement with this assumption despite normal nutrition in later life a permanently
increased small intestinal alkaline phosphatase and maltase activity,
hypertrophy of intestinal mucosa (increased protein/DNA ratio) as well as body
fat increments has been observed in these groups. These functional changes and
associated alterations in efficiency of food digestion could be on long-term
basis significantly involved in the development of obesity. Such supposition
seems to be confirmed by a prevalence of phenotypes with higher enzyme activity
observed in postnatally overfed and underfed rats after a long-term high fat
diet feeding. From this point of view the knowledge of early nutritional
background may be important for better understanding the small intestinal
function in etiology of obesity and occurrence of susceptibility or resistance
to the diet induced obesity
Title of project: MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATUS
OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IN RELATION TO FOOD INTAKE IN PUPS AND ADULTS
Principal
investigator: MVDr. S. Mozes PhD
Scientific
co-workers: MVDr.
Zuzana Sefcikova PhD, MVDr.Lubomir Racek PhD, MVDr.Tomas Hajek, assoc. prof. MVDr. Ludovit Lenhardt
PhD
The
objectives of project is to evaluate the long-term nutritional challenge (i.e.
food restriction, high fat diet) after de novo experimentation in postnatally
influenced rats on the structural and functional parameters of the small
intestine for the assessment of nutritional strategies to prevent enteric
disease and incidence of possible aberrations in feeding efficiency and body
weight defense.
To
reach the mentioned goals the variability in effect of nutrition on small
intestinal parameters will be investigated at weaning and during adulthood in
rats (Sprague-Dawley,Wistar) in which the quantity of
nutrition will be manipulated during lactation. Overnutrition will be imposed
by reducing the number of pups to 4, undernutrition by increasing their number
to 16 in the nest and normal nutrition by nursing 10 pups in the nest. The
growth, fat deposition and morphology (villus height and width, DNA, RNA and
protein content of mucose) of the small intestine (duodenum and jejunum) will be
assessed, along with functional parameters (activity of brush-border-bound
enzymes; alkaline phosphatase, maltase, aminopeptidase). These studies will be
complemented by analysis the sensitivity of the small intestine to nutritional
challenge after weaning i.e. the acute and chronic response of these intestinal
parameters to food restriction and refeeding in rats fed a standard diet, or
after exposition to the high fat/high energy diet. Quantification of the
enzymatic changes will be carried out in tissue sections by the Vickers M 85a
microdensitometer.
The
list of recent relevant papers:
Mozes
S, Sefcikova
Z, Lenhardt L Functional changes of the
small intestine in over - and undernourished suckling rats support the
development of obesity risk on high-energy diet in later life. Physiol Res.
2006 Mar 23; [Epub ahead of print]
Mozes
S, Sefcikova Z, Lenhardt L, Racek L Effect of adrenalectomy on the activity of
small intestine enzymes in monosodium glutamate obese rats. Physiol Res. 2004;53:415-22.
Mozes
S, Sefcikova Z, Lenhardt L, Racek L. Obesity and changes of alkaline
phosphatase activity in the small intestine of 40- and 80-day-old rats
subjected to early postnatal overfeeding or monosodium glutamate. Physiol Res.
2004;53:177-86.
Sefcikova
Z, Mozes S
Effect of early nutritional experience on the feeding behaviour of adult female
rats. In: Vet. Med.-Czech 2002; 47:315-322
Lenhardt
L, Mozes S Morphological and functional changes of the
small intestine in growth- stunted broilers. In: Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2003;72:353-358.
Racek
L, Lenhardt L, Mozes S. Effect of fasting and refeeding on duodenal alkaline
phosphatase activity in monosodium glutamate obese rats. Physiol Res. 2001;50:365-72.
Martinkova
A, Lenhardt L, Mozes S. Effect of neonatal MSG treatment on day-night alkaline
phosphatase activity in the rat duodenum. Physiol Res. 2000;49(3):339-45.
Mozes
S, Lenhardt L, Martinkova A. Alkaline phosphatase activity of duodenal
enterocytes after neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate to rats. Physiol Res. 2000; 49:269-277.